北京外國語大學(xué)碩士研究生入學(xué)考試(樣題)
招生專業(yè):外交學(xué)、應(yīng)用經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué) 科目名稱:經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)
(考試時(shí)間 3 小時(shí),滿分 150 分,全部寫在答題紙上,答在試題頁上無效)
注:試卷中題干為中文的小題用中文作答,題干為英文的小題用英文作答。
第一部分 微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)
注:試卷中題干為中文的小題用中文作答,題干為英文的小題用英文作答。
一.單項(xiàng)選擇題(10 分,每小題 2 分,共 5 個(gè)小題)
1.生產(chǎn)理論中的擴(kuò)展線類似于消費(fèi)者理論中的( )。
A.恩格爾曲線 B.收入—消費(fèi)曲線
C.價(jià)格—消費(fèi)曲線 D.預(yù)算約束線
……
二.名詞解釋(10 分,每小題 5 分,共 2 個(gè)小題)
1.納什均衡
2.價(jià)格—消費(fèi)曲線
三.簡答題(20 分,每小題 10 分,共 2 個(gè)小題)
1.為什么完全競爭廠商的需求曲線、平均收益曲線和邊際收益曲線是重疊的?
2.Why does production eventually experience diminishing marginal returns to labor in the short run? Use an example to illustrate.
四.計(jì)算分析題(15 分,每小題 15 分,共 1 個(gè)小題)
1.Suppose you are in charge of a toll bridge that costs essentially nothing to operate. The demand for bridge crossings Q is given by P=15-Q/2
a. Draw the demand curve for bridge crossings.
b. How many people would cross the bridge if there were no toll?
c. What is the loss of consumer surplus associated with a bridge toll of $5?
d. The toll-bridge operator is considering an increase in the toll to $7. At this higher price, how many people would cross the bridge? Would the toll-bridge revenue increase or decrease? What does your answer tell you about the elasticity of demand?
e. Find the lost consumer surplus associated with the increase in the price of the toll from $5 to $7.
五.論述分析題(20 分,每小題 20 分,共 1 個(gè)小題)
1.What is tariff? Suppose the congress imposes a tariff on imported autos to protect the U.S. auto industry from foreign competitions. Assuming that United States is a price taker in the world auto market, show on diagram and
explain in detail: the change in the quantity of imports, the loss to U.S.consumers, the gain to U.S. manufactures, government revenue, and the deadweight loss associate the tariff. The loss to consumers can be decomposed
into three pieces: a transfer to domestic producer, a transfer to the government,and a deadweight loss. Use your diagram to identify these three pieces.Explain the advantage and disadvantage of this tariff policy.
第二部分 宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)
注:試卷中題干為中文的小題用中文作答,題干為英文的小題用英文作答。
六.單項(xiàng)選擇題(10 分,每小題 2 分,共 5 個(gè)小題)
1.增加政府采購,IS 曲線水平移動(dòng)距離和 AD 曲線水平移動(dòng)距離( )。
A.前者大 B.后者大
C.一樣大 D.不能確定
……
七.名詞解釋(10 分,每小題 5 分,共 2 個(gè)小題)
1.?dāng)D出效應(yīng)
2.Middle Income Trap
八.簡答題(20 分,每小題 10 分,共 2 個(gè)小題)
1.如何理解生產(chǎn)函數(shù)規(guī)模報(bào)酬不變與資本邊際收益不變同時(shí)并存?
2.Please give a brief illustration of Robert J.Barro's basic views on economic growth.
九.計(jì)算分析題(15 分,每小題 15 分,共 1 個(gè)小題)
1.假設(shè)貨幣當(dāng)局符合 Baumol-Tobin 模型的經(jīng)濟(jì)特征。該國年均經(jīng)濟(jì)增長速度 4%,央行按照怎樣的速度增加貨幣供應(yīng)以保持物價(jià)穩(wěn)定?如果帶來 3%的通貨膨脹,那么貨幣供應(yīng)的速度又是多少?試說明理由。
十.論述分析題(20 分,每小題 20 分,共 1 個(gè)小題)
1.試分析特朗普稅改政策對美國及世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響。